諾盧颱風結構-Annular Hurricanes - 颱風討論
By Cara
at 2017-08-02T22:26
at 2017-08-02T22:26
Table of Contents
諾盧颱風最近一兩天的結構非常特別
https://www.dropbox.com/s/2pnzzgo2bn0gu7o/Noru.png?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/spnn6kjfa4l6nf7/Noru_Satellite.jpg?dl=0
這樣的結構,可歸類成: Annular(環形的) Hurricanes
(當然,西北太平洋應該要稱作 Annular Tropical cyclones or Typhoons XD)
在西北太平洋地區並沒有大規模的統計或研究
不過,國外的學者曾針對東北太平洋以及大西洋的颶風
進行Annular Hurricanes的研究 (過去我大略讀過一篇,詳見Reference)
這樣的結構並不常見(~4%的颶風)
他們舉出這個區域相關特例的雲圖:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/xc5adtsazlt4oja/Fig1_knaff.gif?dl=0
大致上的結構定義:
1.比平均大的颱風眼size
2.眼牆的對流周圍有對稱的cold brightness temperatures (IR雲圖上,較深對流)
3.比較不明顯,甚至沒有颱風螺旋雨帶
這樣的颶風,通常:
1.強度較強
2.減弱速度會比一般颶風慢(與大西洋過去資料相比)
3.可以維持較久的相對較強強度
(論文中也提到會用甜甜圈來形容這樣的結構XDDDD)
4.通常大於100kts,平均~110kts
而且強度較能發展到其存在環境的最大潛在強度(MPI)
經由統計資料,他們發現這樣的颶風的環境條件為:(*註一)
1.相對較弱的東風或東南風風切 ( 200 hPa-850 hPa )
2.200hPa具有東風,而且比環境的平均溫度冷
3.在颱風路徑上,海溫分布在(25.4~28.4度C),且變化小
4.200hPa的高度,缺少relative eddy flux convergence (與環境混合均勻)
5.環境條件的風切足以抵銷地轉渦度(beta)所造成的風切,使得颶風更有利軸對稱化
諾盧颱風處在環境沒有太符合這樣的條件,海溫幾乎高於上界
不過風切相對而言是小的
另外,近幾年的研究對於Annular Hurricanes還沒有完整的動力解釋或模擬
算是一個待解的議題
而且這類颱風強度變化跟一般颱風不同
因此對於預報或是數值模式而言也是個挑戰。
以上簡單分享,提供大家參考~~~
未來有機會也會針對一些實事,或是分享個人對於大氣的所學
(順便騙騙P幣(?)XD)
*註一:西北太平洋的環境條件跟大西洋颱風活躍區相比存在差異,另外,這部分的資料
比較學術,提供大家參考
------------------------------------------------------
參考資料:
Knaff, J.A., J.P. Kossin, and M. DeMaria, 2003: Annular Hurricanes. Wea.
Forecasting, 18, 204–223,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0434(2003)018<0204:AH>2.0.CO;2
Knaff, J.A., T.A. Cram, A.B. Schumacher, J.P. Kossin, and M. DeMaria, 2008:
Objective Identification of Annular Hurricanes. Wea. Forecasting, 23, 17–28,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2007WAF2007031.1
雲圖:
向日葵衛星/SSMIS衛星,圖from RAMMB / JTWC
--
https://www.dropbox.com/s/2pnzzgo2bn0gu7o/Noru.png?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/spnn6kjfa4l6nf7/Noru_Satellite.jpg?dl=0
這樣的結構,可歸類成: Annular(環形的) Hurricanes
(當然,西北太平洋應該要稱作 Annular Tropical cyclones or Typhoons XD)
在西北太平洋地區並沒有大規模的統計或研究
不過,國外的學者曾針對東北太平洋以及大西洋的颶風
進行Annular Hurricanes的研究 (過去我大略讀過一篇,詳見Reference)
這樣的結構並不常見(~4%的颶風)
他們舉出這個區域相關特例的雲圖:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/xc5adtsazlt4oja/Fig1_knaff.gif?dl=0
大致上的結構定義:
1.比平均大的颱風眼size
2.眼牆的對流周圍有對稱的cold brightness temperatures (IR雲圖上,較深對流)
3.比較不明顯,甚至沒有颱風螺旋雨帶
這樣的颶風,通常:
1.強度較強
2.減弱速度會比一般颶風慢(與大西洋過去資料相比)
3.可以維持較久的相對較強強度
(論文中也提到會用甜甜圈來形容這樣的結構XDDDD)
4.通常大於100kts,平均~110kts
而且強度較能發展到其存在環境的最大潛在強度(MPI)
經由統計資料,他們發現這樣的颶風的環境條件為:(*註一)
1.相對較弱的東風或東南風風切 ( 200 hPa-850 hPa )
2.200hPa具有東風,而且比環境的平均溫度冷
3.在颱風路徑上,海溫分布在(25.4~28.4度C),且變化小
4.200hPa的高度,缺少relative eddy flux convergence (與環境混合均勻)
5.環境條件的風切足以抵銷地轉渦度(beta)所造成的風切,使得颶風更有利軸對稱化
諾盧颱風處在環境沒有太符合這樣的條件,海溫幾乎高於上界
不過風切相對而言是小的
另外,近幾年的研究對於Annular Hurricanes還沒有完整的動力解釋或模擬
算是一個待解的議題
而且這類颱風強度變化跟一般颱風不同
因此對於預報或是數值模式而言也是個挑戰。
以上簡單分享,提供大家參考~~~
未來有機會也會針對一些實事,或是分享個人對於大氣的所學
(順便騙騙P幣(?)XD)
*註一:西北太平洋的環境條件跟大西洋颱風活躍區相比存在差異,另外,這部分的資料
比較學術,提供大家參考
------------------------------------------------------
參考資料:
Knaff, J.A., J.P. Kossin, and M. DeMaria, 2003: Annular Hurricanes. Wea.
Forecasting, 18, 204–223,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0434(2003)018<0204:AH>2.0.CO;2
Knaff, J.A., T.A. Cram, A.B. Schumacher, J.P. Kossin, and M. DeMaria, 2008:
Objective Identification of Annular Hurricanes. Wea. Forecasting, 23, 17–28,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2007WAF2007031.1
雲圖:
向日葵衛星/SSMIS衛星,圖from RAMMB / JTWC
--
Tags:
颱風
All Comments
By Kristin
at 2017-08-04T10:23
at 2017-08-04T10:23
By Caroline
at 2017-08-05T22:21
at 2017-08-05T22:21
By Tom
at 2017-08-07T10:18
at 2017-08-07T10:18
By Olga
at 2017-08-08T22:15
at 2017-08-08T22:15
By Madame
at 2017-08-10T10:12
at 2017-08-10T10:12
By Agatha
at 2017-08-11T22:10
at 2017-08-11T22:10
By Franklin
at 2017-08-13T10:07
at 2017-08-13T10:07
By Suhail Hany
at 2017-08-14T22:04
at 2017-08-14T22:04
By Quanna
at 2017-08-16T10:01
at 2017-08-16T10:01
By Oliver
at 2017-08-17T21:59
at 2017-08-17T21:59
By Dorothy
at 2017-08-19T09:56
at 2017-08-19T09:56
By Jessica
at 2017-08-20T21:53
at 2017-08-20T21:53
By Charlotte
at 2017-08-22T09:50
at 2017-08-22T09:50
By Irma
at 2017-08-23T21:48
at 2017-08-23T21:48
By Edward Lewis
at 2017-08-25T09:45
at 2017-08-25T09:45
By Suhail Hany
at 2017-08-26T21:42
at 2017-08-26T21:42
By Ursula
at 2017-08-28T09:39
at 2017-08-28T09:39
By Madame
at 2017-08-29T21:37
at 2017-08-29T21:37
By Mary
at 2017-08-31T09:34
at 2017-08-31T09:34
By Elma
at 2017-09-01T21:31
at 2017-09-01T21:31
By Kumar
at 2017-09-03T09:28
at 2017-09-03T09:28
By Olive
at 2017-09-04T21:26
at 2017-09-04T21:26
By Quintina
at 2017-09-06T09:23
at 2017-09-06T09:23
By Regina
at 2017-09-07T21:20
at 2017-09-07T21:20
By Brianna
at 2017-09-09T09:17
at 2017-09-09T09:17
By Brianna
at 2017-09-10T21:15
at 2017-09-10T21:15
By Ethan
at 2017-09-12T09:12
at 2017-09-12T09:12
By Dorothy
at 2017-09-13T21:09
at 2017-09-13T21:09
By Erin
at 2017-09-15T09:06
at 2017-09-15T09:06
By Iris
at 2017-09-16T21:04
at 2017-09-16T21:04
By Iris
at 2017-09-18T09:01
at 2017-09-18T09:01
By Zenobia
at 2017-09-19T20:58
at 2017-09-19T20:58
By Wallis
at 2017-09-21T08:55
at 2017-09-21T08:55
By Hedwig
at 2017-09-22T20:53
at 2017-09-22T20:53
By Ingrid
at 2017-09-24T08:50
at 2017-09-24T08:50
By Mason
at 2017-09-25T20:47
at 2017-09-25T20:47
By Selena
at 2017-09-27T08:44
at 2017-09-27T08:44
By Edith
at 2017-09-28T20:42
at 2017-09-28T20:42
By Michael
at 2017-09-30T08:39
at 2017-09-30T08:39
By Oliver
at 2017-10-01T20:36
at 2017-10-01T20:36
By Yedda
at 2017-10-03T08:33
at 2017-10-03T08:33
By Yedda
at 2017-10-04T20:31
at 2017-10-04T20:31
By Lily
at 2017-10-06T08:28
at 2017-10-06T08:28
By Sarah
at 2017-10-07T20:25
at 2017-10-07T20:25
By Dinah
at 2017-10-09T08:22
at 2017-10-09T08:22
By Lucy
at 2017-10-10T20:20
at 2017-10-10T20:20
By Ula
at 2017-10-12T08:17
at 2017-10-12T08:17
By Ursula
at 2017-10-13T20:14
at 2017-10-13T20:14
By Mary
at 2017-10-15T08:11
at 2017-10-15T08:11
By Faithe
at 2017-10-16T20:09
at 2017-10-16T20:09
By Emma
at 2017-10-18T08:06
at 2017-10-18T08:06
By Brianna
at 2017-10-19T20:03
at 2017-10-19T20:03
By Anthony
at 2017-10-21T08:00
at 2017-10-21T08:00
By Jacky
at 2017-10-22T19:58
at 2017-10-22T19:58
By Adele
at 2017-10-24T07:55
at 2017-10-24T07:55
By Agnes
at 2017-10-25T19:52
at 2017-10-25T19:52
By Isla
at 2017-10-27T07:49
at 2017-10-27T07:49
By Hamiltion
at 2017-10-28T19:47
at 2017-10-28T19:47
By Jacky
at 2017-10-30T07:44
at 2017-10-30T07:44
By Catherine
at 2017-10-31T19:41
at 2017-10-31T19:41
By Skylar Davis
at 2017-11-02T07:38
at 2017-11-02T07:38
By Tristan Cohan
at 2017-11-03T19:36
at 2017-11-03T19:36
By Steve
at 2017-11-05T07:33
at 2017-11-05T07:33
By Charlie
at 2017-11-06T19:30
at 2017-11-06T19:30
By Edith
at 2017-11-08T07:27
at 2017-11-08T07:27
By Aaliyah
at 2017-11-09T19:25
at 2017-11-09T19:25
By Jacob
at 2017-11-11T07:22
at 2017-11-11T07:22
By Leila
at 2017-11-12T19:19
at 2017-11-12T19:19
By Xanthe
at 2017-11-14T07:16
at 2017-11-14T07:16
By Faithe
at 2017-11-15T19:14
at 2017-11-15T19:14
By Vanessa
at 2017-11-17T07:11
at 2017-11-17T07:11
By Kama
at 2017-11-18T19:08
at 2017-11-18T19:08
By Hamiltion
at 2017-11-20T07:05
at 2017-11-20T07:05
Related Posts
請問今年颱風生成的位置
By Jake
at 2017-08-02T15:09
at 2017-08-02T15:09
大雷雨即時訊息
By Mia
at 2017-08-02T14:46
at 2017-08-02T14:46
NASA公布諾盧巨大颱風眼照 今年地表最強
By Audriana
at 2017-08-02T13:52
at 2017-08-02T13:52
即將破紀錄的諾盧
By Ula
at 2017-08-02T11:15
at 2017-08-02T11:15
1711-奈格形成
By Lucy
at 2017-08-02T09:23
at 2017-08-02T09:23