加泰隆尼亞概述 - 歷史(下) - 西班牙

※ [本文轉錄自 FCBarcelona 看板]

作者: Catalan (the LOVE team) 看板: FCBarcelona
標題: [論文]加泰隆尼亞概述 - 歷史(下)
時間: Wed Nov 17 05:28:30 2004


1714. this is a date to remember. Ths Spanish Crown abolished the
Generalitat and for the first time prohibited the teaching and writing
of the Catalan language. But the Catalans seized this date as a symbol
of their resolve. By attempting to crush Catalunya, the Crown became a
primary catalyst of Catalan nationalism and identityw, chich would
resurface under different guises through the next two centuries.

As Barcelona industrialized at the end of the nineteenth century, a
strong anarchist-led labor movement engaged in frequent clashes with
the Spanish central government. The Corts catalanes were reestablished,
and a new literature emerged when the Catalan language was once more
widely spoken.

1909. The "Setmana Tragica." Madrid attempted to draft young Catalan
men to serve in North African wars, and the workers responded by burning
churches and rioting. Anarchists were rounded up by the unpopular Spanish
civil Guards and many workers were executed. Some citizens saw the
anarchists as "the enemy of their enemy", and as a result, the CNT
(the anarchist "Confederacion Nacional de Trabajo") developed a powerful
influence in the city's political landscape.

1923. Once again, Madrid intervened. A coup placed dictator Miguel Primo
de Rivera in control of Spain. He took strong measures to repress all
manifestationes of Catalan culture, prohibiting both the CNT and merchant
political organizations, and even shutting down Barcelona's Barca soccer
club. (Today, when the Real Madrid soccer team comes into town, historical
nostalgia surfaces and many Catalans see it as barca versus Primo de Rivera.)

With Franco in power and Madrid in control, it was 1714 al over again, The
Generalitat was yet again abolished and the Catalan language suppressed.
Spanish was named "the official language", and all public signs and even
names of cities were Hispanicized.

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然後我就要用我自己的話講了 因為書上寫的不夠後面的部份參考用

從佛朗哥上任以後
加泰隆尼亞就在各個方面的發展上都遭受了中央政府箝制

比如說 原本很多總部設在巴塞隆納的公司
被強迫遷移總部到馬德里
而很多公務機關也都不在巴塞隆納設辦事處
要跑公文請一定去馬德里一趟 不管是對國內還是國外的公司都一樣

另外一個方面
由於佛朗哥一直搞不起來經濟
所以很多比較窮困地區的居民
都遷往加泰隆尼亞自治區
因為再怎麼說 那裡都是比較有工作機會的地方
各種產業在那裡都有
這也是之前我摘過一本書的一句話"because in Barcelona, there is hope"
那是從一個安達魯西亞的小城農民
在196x年代講出來的話
他說 在巴塞隆納雖然一樣為了生活打拼吃苦
可是在那裡好歹可以有個像樣的生活
在那裡可以有機會 有希望

在佛朗哥死掉後 西班牙政治和平轉移為君主立憲
而各地也開始慢慢的享受自治跟自主權
加泰隆尼亞人們在佛朗哥晚期也從原本的激烈抗爭
變成了用比較和平而文化的方式來表達其獨立的目的
(其實在很多部份 事實上加泰隆尼亞已經算是蠻自主獨立的了)

其實現在的加泰隆尼亞地區
從西班牙別地方移入的移民所佔的數量已成為大部份
而大多數的人對獨立的要求 主要是針對區域自治跟發展而言
而非政治體或是國號等等的要求



歷史先交待到這裡
用上面那本英文書的一段話做結


Today most Catalans are content to see their language used in
government and schools, to applaud the autonomy of their Generalitat,
and to root for their beloved Barca to defeat Real madrid. But
occasionally a defiant poster or graffiti can be observed, with
a message like "Aco no es espanya" (This is not Spain)

http://image12.webshots.com/12/2/5/78/135620578QwYcik_ph.jpg

↑某巴薩板友去巴塞隆納拍的喔!!





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