天氣小觀:北極渦旋反轉增強,下週冷氣團來襲 - 颱風討論
By Mason
at 2019-01-18T15:00
at 2019-01-18T15:00
Table of Contents
天氣小觀:北極渦旋反轉增強,下週冷氣團來襲
模式預報有了重大變更,事實上週二就出現了。
先談北極渦旋的重大變更,
模式預報顯示未來一周北極渦旋不再減弱,一周過後甚至增強。
如果反轉為強極渦情境的話,那麼寒冬可能要來了。
以前的研究認為平流層是下面對流層傳送波動和能量的被動接收,
但後來研究認為平流層異常也會反過來改變對流層的天氣。
研究指出,
在平流層強極渦情境下,行星波不會等到強極渦巔峰才下傳,
在發展階段就會(反饋)下傳對流層。
也就是說如果走向平流層強極渦情境,
那麼下面的大氣對流層就準備挫勒等。
強極渦情境時,大氣環境轉為偏冷,降溫逐漸向南移動,後期"對南方的影響比北方大"。
因為強極渦下,北極的等位溫面比較高,並且往中緯度向下傾斜;
常數
位溫 = 溫度 * ( 1000 / 氣壓 ) => 氣壓越低 位溫越高
當平流層的北極渦旋增強時,北極的高等位溫面往中緯度向下傾斜,
高位渦冷空氣就會沿著傾斜的等位溫面向下運動,
將冷空氣從"高空層的極地"帶到"較低層的中緯度地區"。
用白話解釋:冬季高空大魔王出手了。
再回到模式,目前仍看不出來有強極渦情境,
北極渦旋回到正常的增強,是否往正異常發展還有待觀察。
但北極渦旋轉強是值得關注了。
從北美東岸經北極至亞洲遠東地區大氣地面層850帕出現了零下30度左右的超級冷凍氣團。
可見北方冷氣團發威了,這時就要趕緊來看500百帕的高空。
回到對流層500百帕高度場,
目前中亞有一道深厚的西風脊東移,對應東亞一波西風槽轉直。
槽後的蒙古冷高壓堆積至1050百帕左右,隨著西風槽周日以後轉直南壓,
冷高壓跟隨南下,由於高空出現西風帶正北氣流,
因此冷空氣的強度被上調了,最新模式預報認為850帕3度線壓到北台灣,
週日起溫度逐漸下滑,週三要上看強烈冷氣團等級了。
未來一週越來越冷,棉被、厚外套要準備好了。
由於北極渦旋增強,東亞大槽攻勢再起,下週副高被擊敗撤退,不排除崩潰。
看來高山也要準備下雪了。
(最近準備過年忙,簡單以上說明囉)
--
模式預報有了重大變更,事實上週二就出現了。
先談北極渦旋的重大變更,
模式預報顯示未來一周北極渦旋不再減弱,一周過後甚至增強。
如果反轉為強極渦情境的話,那麼寒冬可能要來了。
以前的研究認為平流層是下面對流層傳送波動和能量的被動接收,
但後來研究認為平流層異常也會反過來改變對流層的天氣。
研究指出,
在平流層強極渦情境下,行星波不會等到強極渦巔峰才下傳,
在發展階段就會(反饋)下傳對流層。
也就是說如果走向平流層強極渦情境,
那麼下面的大氣對流層就準備挫勒等。
強極渦情境時,大氣環境轉為偏冷,降溫逐漸向南移動,後期"對南方的影響比北方大"。
因為強極渦下,北極的等位溫面比較高,並且往中緯度向下傾斜;
常數
位溫 = 溫度 * ( 1000 / 氣壓 ) => 氣壓越低 位溫越高
當平流層的北極渦旋增強時,北極的高等位溫面往中緯度向下傾斜,
高位渦冷空氣就會沿著傾斜的等位溫面向下運動,
將冷空氣從"高空層的極地"帶到"較低層的中緯度地區"。
用白話解釋:冬季高空大魔王出手了。
再回到模式,目前仍看不出來有強極渦情境,
北極渦旋回到正常的增強,是否往正異常發展還有待觀察。
但北極渦旋轉強是值得關注了。
從北美東岸經北極至亞洲遠東地區大氣地面層850帕出現了零下30度左右的超級冷凍氣團。
可見北方冷氣團發威了,這時就要趕緊來看500百帕的高空。
回到對流層500百帕高度場,
目前中亞有一道深厚的西風脊東移,對應東亞一波西風槽轉直。
槽後的蒙古冷高壓堆積至1050百帕左右,隨著西風槽周日以後轉直南壓,
冷高壓跟隨南下,由於高空出現西風帶正北氣流,
因此冷空氣的強度被上調了,最新模式預報認為850帕3度線壓到北台灣,
週日起溫度逐漸下滑,週三要上看強烈冷氣團等級了。
未來一週越來越冷,棉被、厚外套要準備好了。
由於北極渦旋增強,東亞大槽攻勢再起,下週副高被擊敗撤退,不排除崩潰。
看來高山也要準備下雪了。
(最近準備過年忙,簡單以上說明囉)
--
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